全固体電池技術はなぜ難しいのか-リチウムイオン電池装置
2022年10月27日
Solid state technology promises to be cheaper and faster than any current battery, but no one has really found a way to achieve this goal.
It is easier said than done to produce an electric vehicle that is cheaper, safer, and can travel 800 kilometers on a single charge. The automobile industry really wants to build such a vehicle, and it needs to make breakthroughs in battery technology.
Scientists from Japan, China and the United States are working hard to find a way to significantly improve the energy storage capacity of the battery, so that the driving range of electric vehicles can reach the same level as that of traditional vehicles filled with oil.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
At present, this exploration focuses on the solid state technology, that is, the internal structure of the battery is completely transformed, and the use of solid materials rather than flammable liquids to achieve charging and discharging.
This technology is expected to significantly improve the existing lithium-ion battery pack. The car company said that the storage capacity of the lithium-ion battery pack has reached its limit, and it may never be able to provide enough power for long-distance vehicles.
Take Tesla's super charging station for example. It can charge an exhausted car to 80% in 30 minutes. If solid state technology can be mastered, it will further accelerate the demise of internal combustion engine vehicles, and it is possible to shorten the charging time of electric vehicles from a few hours to about 10 minutes.
"In addition to solid-state technology, we can't think of any other way to achieve the goal." Said Ted Miller, senior manager of energy storage strategy and research at Ford Motor.
Miller has studied a variety of technologies to enhance the power of electric vehicle batteries. "What I cannot predict now is who will commercialize solid-state technology." He added.
They say solid state batteries are good. Why haven't they crossed the technical hurdle
Solid state batteries use smaller battery packs to provide more range for electric vehicles
Replacing fuel vehicles with electric vehicles is expected to promote the exponential growth of lithium-ion batteries, which can bring tremendous returns to the company.
The latest report of Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) found that in 2017, electric buses and passenger cars accounted for 440G of lithium-ion battery demand. By 2030, this demand is expected to surge to more than 1500 GWh per year.
UBS Group data shows that by 2025, the market value of electric vehicle batteries will reach about 84 billion dollars, while the current market value is about 23 billion dollars.
Before Solid State Battery Success
Before entering the field of energy storage on the scale of electric vehicles and utilities, lithium ion technology has been the standard technology for mobile phones and personal electronic products for decades. It uses liquid electrolytes to transfer ions between positive and negative electrodes to charge or discharge batteries.
Solid state batteries, as the name implies, are battery products that use solid materials such as ceramics, glass or polymers to replace liquids. This will reduce the risk of battery fire, and the battery pack can also become smaller and easier to install under the car seat.
The researchers hope to pair the solid electrolyte with lithium metal anode to improve the energy density. This not only enables electric vehicles to drive longer distances after a full charge, but also helps to eliminate consumers' concerns about the range of electric vehicles, thereby increasing sales.
However, to achieve all this, a series of difficult problems need to be solved.
At this stage, the service life of prototype products is too short and the conductivity is too low, which is not suitable for electric vehicles. Not to mention, there are also high manufacturing costs, and there may be severe expansion and contraction of materials during charging and discharging.
"When scientists solve one problem, it usually aggravates the impact of another," said Keisuke Ishiguro, executive director of the Japanese Lithium Ion Battery Technology and Evaluation Center (LIBTEC)
"Among all the participants, it seems that everyone has solved one, two or three of the five most important things, but no one has really solved all the problems." Henrik Fisker, chairman and CEO of Fisco Electric Vehicle Company, gave this explanation.
More than 25 companies, including Toyota, Panasonic and Nissan, have received about US $90 million in government funding to accelerate the development of solid-state technology.
It is easier said than done to produce an electric vehicle that is cheaper, safer, and can travel 800 kilometers on a single charge. The automobile industry really wants to build such a vehicle, and it needs to make breakthroughs in battery technology.
Scientists from Japan, China and the United States are working hard to find a way to significantly improve the energy storage capacity of the battery, so that the driving range of electric vehicles can reach the same level as that of traditional vehicles filled with oil.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
At present, this exploration focuses on the solid state technology, that is, the internal structure of the battery is completely transformed, and the use of solid materials rather than flammable liquids to achieve charging and discharging.
This technology is expected to significantly improve the existing lithium-ion battery pack. The car company said that the storage capacity of the lithium-ion battery pack has reached its limit, and it may never be able to provide enough power for long-distance vehicles.
Take Tesla's super charging station for example. It can charge an exhausted car to 80% in 30 minutes. If solid state technology can be mastered, it will further accelerate the demise of internal combustion engine vehicles, and it is possible to shorten the charging time of electric vehicles from a few hours to about 10 minutes.
"In addition to solid-state technology, we can't think of any other way to achieve the goal." Said Ted Miller, senior manager of energy storage strategy and research at Ford Motor.
Miller has studied a variety of technologies to enhance the power of electric vehicle batteries. "What I cannot predict now is who will commercialize solid-state technology." He added.
They say solid state batteries are good. Why haven't they crossed the technical hurdle
Solid state batteries use smaller battery packs to provide more range for electric vehicles
Replacing fuel vehicles with electric vehicles is expected to promote the exponential growth of lithium-ion batteries, which can bring tremendous returns to the company.
The latest report of Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) found that in 2017, electric buses and passenger cars accounted for 440G of lithium-ion battery demand. By 2030, this demand is expected to surge to more than 1500 GWh per year.
UBS Group data shows that by 2025, the market value of electric vehicle batteries will reach about 84 billion dollars, while the current market value is about 23 billion dollars.
Before Solid State Battery Success
Before entering the field of energy storage on the scale of electric vehicles and utilities, lithium ion technology has been the standard technology for mobile phones and personal electronic products for decades. It uses liquid electrolytes to transfer ions between positive and negative electrodes to charge or discharge batteries.
Solid state batteries, as the name implies, are battery products that use solid materials such as ceramics, glass or polymers to replace liquids. This will reduce the risk of battery fire, and the battery pack can also become smaller and easier to install under the car seat.
The researchers hope to pair the solid electrolyte with lithium metal anode to improve the energy density. This not only enables electric vehicles to drive longer distances after a full charge, but also helps to eliminate consumers' concerns about the range of electric vehicles, thereby increasing sales.
However, to achieve all this, a series of difficult problems need to be solved.
At this stage, the service life of prototype products is too short and the conductivity is too low, which is not suitable for electric vehicles. Not to mention, there are also high manufacturing costs, and there may be severe expansion and contraction of materials during charging and discharging.
"When scientists solve one problem, it usually aggravates the impact of another," said Keisuke Ishiguro, executive director of the Japanese Lithium Ion Battery Technology and Evaluation Center (LIBTEC)
"Among all the participants, it seems that everyone has solved one, two or three of the five most important things, but no one has really solved all the problems." Henrik Fisker, chairman and CEO of Fisco Electric Vehicle Company, gave this explanation.
More than 25 companies, including Toyota, Panasonic and Nissan, have received about US $90 million in government funding to accelerate the development of solid-state technology.
